Journal of Psychological Dynamics in Mood Disorders

Background and Objective: The current research aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ) in patients with type II diabetes.

Methods and Materials: The research adopted a developmental approach and fell within the scope of descriptive and test validation studies. The participants were type 2 diabetes patients from Mashhad, collected during the autumn of 2012. Two separate groups, one with 201 and another with 283 subjects, were assembled through convenience sampling. They were asked to fill out several instruments, including the TSRQ, Perceived Competence Scale (PCS), Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale (K6). Data analysis was performed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, as well as multiple regression and multivariate analysis of variance, with the aid of SPSS 27 and Amos 24.

Findings: Analysis revealed that the TSRQ is bifactorial, comprising autonomous and controlled regulation factors. The variance was 81.58% in medication adherence and glycemic control and 85.40% in dietary adherence and physical activity. Confirmatory factor analysis provided further validation of this structure. Reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability tests. Predictive validity was established for perceived competence, subjective vitality, life satisfaction, and psychological distress. No significant correlation was found between fasting blood sugar levels and the self-regulation dimensions of diabetes treatment (P<0.05). Additionally, significant variances in self-regulation were observed across variables such as duration of diabetes, gender, age, marital status, educational background, and employment status (P<0.01).

Conclusion: The TSRQ appears to possess robust psychometric qualities for patients with type 2 diabetes, making it a valuable tool for assessing and enhancing their self-management and regulatory capabilities.

Background and Objective: The advent of the Internet and social media has increased online engagement, particularly among adolescents and young adults. This trend has brought cyberbullying to the forefront as a critical issue affecting mental and social well-being. This study aims to predict cyberbullying among university students by examining the roles of media literacy and online self-disclosure.

Methods and Materials: This descriptive correlational research involved students from the University of Birjand during the 1400-1401 academic year, totaling 12,000 individuals. A sample of 398 students was selected through convenience sampling. Data were gathered using the cyberbullying and victimization scales (Lam & Lee, 2011), the online self-disclosure scale (Valkenburg & Peter, 2007), and the media literacy questionnaire (Falsafi, 2015). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-V26, employing Pearson correlation and regression analysis.

Findings: The results indicated a significant inverse correlation between media message comprehension and intentional selection with cyberbullying. Conversely, a significant positive correlation was found between in-depth self-disclosure and cyber victimization. Regression analysis revealed that, except for media message analysis, the components of online self-disclosure and media literacy were significant predictors of cyberbullying (P<0.01).

Conclusion: Therefore, training in media literacy skills and self-disclosure management by psychology and communication science specialists plays a crucial role in preventing cyberbullying.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Imago Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy on sexual satisfaction and self-perception in employed couples.

Methodology: This experimental study used a pre-test, post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population consisted of all employed teachers in Tuyserkan, Hamadan Province, in 2021-2022. A total of 40 individuals were randomly selected and assigned to four groups (two experimental and two control groups). The experimental groups underwent 10 sessions of Imago Therapy and 10 sessions of Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy, with each session lasting 90 minutes. Data were collected using Larson’s Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (1998) and Beck’s Self-Perception Questionnaire (1978). The data were analyzed using multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance.

Findings: The results indicated that both Imago Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy had a significant effect on sexual satisfaction and self-perception in employed couples (p < 0.05). However, Imago Therapy was more effective in improving sexual satisfaction, while Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy showed better results in enhancing self-perception.

Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that both Imago Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Couples Therapy can be effective interventions for improving sexual satisfaction and self-perception in employed couples. However, the choice of therapy should be based on the specific needs of each couple.

Background and Objective: Women with marital maladjustment face problems in the field of psychological health and alexithymia. Therefore, the aim of this study was determine the effectiveness of compassion-based mindfulness training on psychological health and alexithymia in women with marital maladjustment.

Methods and Materials: This present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was a quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population was women with marital maladjustment who referred to counseling centers of Ahvaz city in the spring season of 2024 year. The research sample was 40 people who were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned in two groups of 20 people. The experimental group 8 sessions of 90 minutes (one session per week) under compassion-based mindfulness training and during this time the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were included psychological health scale (Najarian and Davoudi, 2001), alexithymia scale (Bagbi et al., 1994) and marital adjustment scale (Spanier, 1976) and its data wereanalyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS version 24 software.

Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in both psychological health and alexithymia variables. In the other words, compassion-based mindfulness training led to increase the psychological health and decrease the alexithymia in women with marital maladjustment (P<0.001).

Conclusion: According to the results of this study that is the effectiveness of compassion-based mindfulness training on psychological health and alexithymia in women with marital maladjustment, health professionals and therapists can use the compassion-based mindfulness training method along with other effective training methods to improve psychological health and alexithymia.

Background and Objective: Mothers of children with learning disabilities face many challenges, especially in the fields of resilience and anger management, and considering the cultural and religious context of Iran, it seems that teaching positive thinking skills with emphasis on religious teachings is effective in this field. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of teaching positive thinking skills with emphasis on religious teachings on resilience and anger management in mothers of children with learning disorder.

Methods and Materials: This research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was a semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study statistical population was the mothers of children with learning disorder in the 16th district of Tehran city in 2023 year. The sample of the research was 30 people who were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minute by teaching positive thinking skills with emphasis on religious teachings and during this time the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tools were included Connor and Davidson's resilience scale (2003) and Spielberger's anger management inventory (1999) and its data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS version 25 software.

Findings: The findings showed that teaching positive thinking skills with emphasis on religious teachings increased resilience and anger management in mothers of children with learning disorder (P<0.05).

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, to improve resilience and anger management can be used the teaching positive thinking skills with emphasis on religious teachings method along with other educational methods.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of schema therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on cognitive flexibility and quality of life in conflicting couples.

Methodology: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The sample consisted of 24 conflicting couples who were randomly divided into three groups: schema therapy group (8 couples), ACT group (8 couples), and control group (8 couples). Both experimental groups received seven 120-minute sessions of intervention. The research tools included the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory and Quality of Life Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.

Findings: The results showed that both experimental groups experienced significant improvements in cognitive flexibility and quality of life compared to the control group. Furthermore, the follow-up results indicated that these improvements in the schema therapy and ACT groups were sustained two months after the interventions. However, no significant difference was found between the effectiveness of the two therapeutic approaches.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, both schema therapy and ACT can effectively increase cognitive flexibility and improve the quality of life in conflicting couples. These results highlight the effectiveness of these approaches in reducing marital conflicts and enhancing the psychological well-being of couples.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of mathematical thinking intervention training and dual balance exercises on the executive functions of students with mathematical learning disabilities.

Methodology: The statistical population consisted of all students diagnosed with mathematical learning disabilities during the 2022-2023 academic year. Using purposive sampling, 45 students were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The tools used in this research included the KeyMath Standardized Test (Connolly, 1976), the Binet-Simon Test (Roid & Barram, 2003), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST; Heaton, 2006). In the pre-test phase, all sample members completed these tests. Subsequently, members of the experimental groups received the respective interventions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.

Findings: The findings indicated a significant effectiveness of the interventions in improving the executive functions in the experimental groups. Furthermore, follow-up tests revealed that dual balance exercises had a greater impact on working memory and cognitive flexibility.

Conclusion: These findings support the fact that providing training based on mathematical thinking and focusing on dual balance exercises is considered a beneficial intervention method for addressing the educational challenges of students with mathematical learning disabilities.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the pattern of relationship between sleep disorder and borderline personality disorder with post-traumatic stress disorder in nurses of Kermanshah city.

Methodology: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and survey-based in terms of implementation. The statistical population of this study includes all present and dispatched nurses to the site of the incident in Kermanshah city. The sampling method was random convenient sampling, and the sample size was determined to be 150 participants using Cochran's formula. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants responded to the Mississippi PTSD Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Jackson and Claridge (1991) Borderline Personality Scale.

Findings: The results indicated that post-traumatic stress disorder has a significant positive relationship, both directly and indirectly, with borderline personality disorder thoughts and sleep disorder. Furthermore, in fitting the designed model, it was shown that the obtained GFI and AGFI indices are close to one, and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) is less than 0.08 and within an acceptable range, suggesting that the model variables are well-fitted by the data.

Conclusion: Considering the findings of the present study and the importance of nurses' health on community health, the evaluation, recognition, and treatment of sleep quality and borderline personality disorder and their relationship with post-traumatic stress disorder can provide valuable guidelines for improving PTSD in nurses.