ساخت و بررسی ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی پرسشنامه بخشایشگری ایرانی–اسلامی: یک مطالعه مقدماتی

هنگامه معماری; باقر غباری بناب; ابوطالب سعادتی شامیر

Authors

Hengameh Memari Department of Psychology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1533-2538
Bagher Ghobari Bonab Department of Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0627-8236
Aboutaleb Seadatee Shamir Department of Psychology, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0403-9503

Keywords:

Reliability, Validity, Religious motives, Iranian, Islamic Forgiveness, Factor analysis, Psychometrics

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Iranian–Islamic Forgiveness Questionnaire grounded in Islamic and cultural foundations.

Methodology: An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 undergraduate students who had experienced deep interpersonal forgiveness, and data were analyzed using grounded theory. In the quantitative phase, after establishing content and face validity, the questionnaire was administered to 100 students. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, preliminary confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach’s alpha.

Findings: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a six-factor structure comprising emotional awareness, cognitive reappraisal, religious motives, commitment to forgiveness, empathy and compassion, and tranquility and release, explaining 62.22% of the total variance. Model fit indices were acceptable, and the overall reliability coefficient was 0.91.

Conclusion: The Iranian–Islamic Forgiveness Questionnaire demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability and can be used as a culturally appropriate instrument for assessing forgiveness among Muslim university students.

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