مقایسه اثربخشی تکالیف توانبخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه (باشگاه مغز) همراه با و بدون تحریک الکتریکی فرا جمجمهای بر ردیابی چشمی و کارکردهای عصب-روانشناختی کودکان با اختلال اتیسم با عملکرد بالا
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.pdmd.3.3.15کلمات کلیدی:
اتیسم, تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمه ای, تکالیف توانبخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه, ردیابی چشمی, کارکردهای عصب, روانشناختیچکیده
هدف: هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی تکالیف توانبخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه (باشگاه مغز) همراه با و بدون تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمهای بر ردیابی چشمی و کارکردهای عصب-روانشناختی کودکان با اختلال اتیسم با عملکرد بالا بود.
روششناسی: روش تحقیق نیمهآزمایشی و از نوع پیشآزمون-پسآزمون-پیگیری با سه گروه (دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل) بود. جامعه آماری شامل کودکان مبتلا به اتیسم با عملکرد بالا در مدرسه تراب تهران در سال 1403 بود که 30 نفر بهطور هدفمند انتخاب شدند و بهطور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروههای آزمایش، 10 جلسه 50 دقیقهای تکالیف توانبخشی شناختی مبتنی بر رایانه را انجام دادند، یکی از گروهها با تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمهای و دیگری بدون آن. گروه کنترل هیچ مداخلهای دریافت نکرد. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل آزمون سنجش دامنه طیف اتیسم (اهلر و همکاران، 1999)، ارزیابی کارکردهای عصب-روانشناختی (کورکمن و همکاران، 1998) و دستگاه ردیاب چشمی برای ردیابی چشمی بود. تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس مختلط و نرمافزار SPSS-v22 انجام شد.
یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که بین گروههای آزمایش در مؤلفههای ردیابی چشمی و کارکردهای اجرایی/توجه تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت. تکالیف توانبخشی شناختی همراه با تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمهای تأثیر بیشتری نسبت به توانبخشی بدون تحریک بر این مؤلفهها داشت.
نتیجهگیری: توانبخشی شناختی همراه با تحریک الکتریکی فراجمجمهای میتواند تأثیر مثبتی بر ردیابی چشمی و کارکردهای اجرایی/توجه کودکان با اختلال اتیسم با عملکرد بالا داشته باشد و اثربخشی بیشتری نسبت به روشهای بدون تحریک دارد.
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