مقایسه اثربخشی طرحواره‌درمانی و درمان فراتشخیصی بر عقاید وسواسی پسران نوجوان مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی

نویسندگان

    الهام اسودی گروه روانشناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران
    افسانه خواجوند خوشلی * ⁠ گروه روانشناسی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،گرگان، ایران. a.khajevand@iau.ac.ir
    سمانه فرنیا گروه روانپزشکی ، مرکز تحقیقات روان پزشکی و علوم رفتاری ،دانشکده علوم پزشکی،پژوهشکده اعتیاد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران،ساری، ایران
    الناز پوراحمدی گروه روانشناسی، واحد بندر گز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بندر گز، ایران

کلمات کلیدی:

عقاید وسواسی, طرحواره درمانی, درمان فراتشخیصی, اختلال وسواس فکری عملی

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی طرحواره‌درمانی و درمان فراتشخیصی بر عقاید وسواسی پسران نوجوان مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی بود. روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش از نوع نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون، گروه کنترل و پیگیری سه‌ماهه بود. جامعه آماری شامل نوجوانان پسر 14 تا 16 ساله مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز روان‌شناسی شهر ساری در سال 1404 بود. تعداد 45 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 15 نفره شامل طرحواره‌درمانی، درمان فراتشخیصی و کنترل جایگزین شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه عقاید وسواسی کودک و نوجوان و مقیاس ییل-براون بود. مداخله‌های درمانی در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای اجرا شد و داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر در نرم‌افزار SPSS-27 تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری مکرر نشان داد که بین مراحل پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری در نمرات عقاید وسواسی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (0.01>P). همچنین تعامل گروه و مراحل درمان معنادار بود که بیانگر اثربخشی هر دو مداخله در کاهش عقاید وسواسی نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی است. نتایج آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی نشان داد تفاوت بین پیش‌آزمون با پس‌آزمون و نیز پیش‌آزمون با پیگیری معنادار است، اما تفاوت بین پس‌آزمون و پیگیری معنادار نبود که نشان‌دهنده پایداری اثر درمان‌ها است. علاوه بر این، نتایج آزمون توکی نشان داد طرحواره‌درمانی در مقایسه با درمان فراتشخیصی اثربخشی بیشتری بر کاهش عقاید وسواسی و خرده‌مقیاس‌های آن داشته است. نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، هر دو رویکرد طرحواره‌درمانی و درمان فراتشخیصی در کاهش عقاید وسواسی نوجوانان مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی مؤثر بودند، اما طرحواره‌درمانی تأثیر عمیق‌تر و پایدارتری نشان داد. بنابراین می‌توان از این دو رویکرد در مراکز مشاوره و درمان اختلال وسواس نوجوانان بهره گرفت و طرحواره‌درمانی را به عنوان مداخله‌ای مؤثرتر مدنظر قرار داد.

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اسودی ا.، خواجوند خوشلی ا.، فرنیا س. .، و پوراحمدی ا. . (1406). مقایسه اثربخشی طرحواره‌درمانی و درمان فراتشخیصی بر عقاید وسواسی پسران نوجوان مبتلا به اختلال وسواس فکری-عملی. پویایی روانشناختی در اختلال های خلقی، 1-19. https://maherpub.com/index.php/pdmd/article/view/825

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